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A Geometric Way to Visualise sin(x + y) and cos(x + y)
The angle–addition identities for sine and cosine often appear as algebraic formulas, but they can also be understood by combining two right triangles in a simple geometric construction. The calculations for the side lengths follow directly from the definitions of sine and cosine. sin(x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y cos(x + y) = cos x cos y − sin x sin y Start with a right triangle of angle y and hypotenuse 1. From basic trigonometry, its horizontal and vertical sides are: cos y and sin y. Next, attach a second right triangle with angle x . Its hypotenuse is the side of length cos y from the first triangle, so its adjacent and opposite sides become: adjacent = cos x · cos y opposite = sin x · cos y Likewise, if the first triangle's vertical side sin y is used as a hypotenuse in a similar way, it contributes: adjacent = cos x · sin y opposite = sin x · sin y When the horizontal components are combined, they give the expression for cos(x + y...